disable the triggers
load the table and incorporate the logic behind the triggers into the select statement - that is, do whatever you need to do in SQL to transform the data.
enable triggers (and consider removing triggers from your system when you can - and you almost always can)
If you have triggers on there that must fire, that you cannot avoid firing - then you shall be slow by slow processing, there is NO escaping that.
You can use dbms_parallel_execute to break the source table up into chunks and then run a few load threads at a time against it.
this introduces dbms_parallel_execute
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/issue-archive/2009/09-nov/o69asktom-089919.html this one demonstrates it:
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/issue-archive/2010/10-mar/o20asktom-098897.html that can give you some parallelism - but it will be CONVENTIONAL path parallel - not direct path.