Well...we got a whole book for that !
http://docs.oracle.com/database/122/NLSPG/toc.htm and from the doc:
"Consider the following questions when you choose an Oracle Database character set for the database:
- What languages does the database need to support now?
- What languages does the database need to support in the future?
- Is the character set available on the operating system?
- What character sets are used on clients?
- How well does the application handle the character set?
- What are the performance implications of the character set?
- What are the restrictions associated with the character set?"
But in short, for any *new* database I create, I would probably choose AL32UTF8 to keep my options open for any and all requirements that might come up in future.